The fish dies by the mouth and the nightingale, in the night. (Well-known declaring)
A couple of times back, our excellent mate Heraldo de Pujadas reminded us, with regard to the Christian customized of not eating pink meat for the duration of Holy 7 days, of the stating that the mouth sins a lot more for what arrives out of it than for what goes into it. We rarely observe the clever lesson that mother nature presents us by offering us two eyes and two ears, but only just one mouth.
SOME Regrettable EXPRESSIONS
The preceding words and phrases come to mind in connection with the regrettable reflections that Mrs. María Soledad Font, mom of President Gabriel Boric, produced about the Constitutional Convention CC, to the magazine ‘Ya’, owned by ‘El Mercurio’, on Monday 12 of this month [1].
According to press reports, Mrs. María Soledad Font reportedly said of the corporation, amid other points, that
“I at first realised that all the people today ended up organized, that all the individuals who ended up there realized the matter, but afterwards I realised that they did not and that built me continue to be absent, that afraid me when I realised that they hired consultants due to the fact they didn’t know what it was heading to be about”.
“I got fearful when I realised that not everybody was a scholar. (There are) a good deal of fantastic folks who want to do great matters, but to do that you have to know!”
“When I began to see that there was a lack of income, that there was a absence of…, I said, but how, for the reason that I imagined that the people who have been integrating this ended up folks with awareness and experienced all the talents to be capable to do this very significant thing, for which, at minimum I saw, that Gabriel sacrificed himself to make this occur. And to realise that people today who didn’t… for the reason that they were being picked out, I never know in what nomination, but not all of them had the qualifications,” he stated.
“I believed that all the persons who were being on the ballot had been people who had the capabilities to do that mega-occupation.”[2]
We are not able to fail to repeat below that we locate Mrs. Font’s terms really regrettable, devoid of a doubt, due to the fact it is not since she is the mom of the recent president of the Republic that she has the independence to convey herself in this way about an institution that enjoys the self-assurance of the national group and that of her son. Expressions these as these could injury the future of her federal government, which is intimately linked to the work of the CC. And strongly undermine the perform that the president himself is trying to do, as they facilitate the demolition operate towards him by these sectors that are important of him. In this regard, suffice it to cite the data presented by the Interpreta Basis on the ‘copying’ of digital networks, primarily Twitter, with assaults on the government headed by Gabriel Boricenc[3].
This attitude is not unusual. The president’s mom and dad do not have the exact same ideology as their son and are, alternatively, essential of it, a confession produced to the media by Simón Boric, the president’s brother, in an interview with ChileVisión on 20 December 2021, when, referring to the key elections of that calendar year, he pointed out that his father (Luis) voted for Yasna Provoste:
“My father is a militant of the Christian Democracy, in actuality he voted for the candidate Yasna Provoste in the primaries (consulta ciudadana). I don’t imagine I can say how I voted, but perfectly (…) I’m sorry dad if I went off the rails”,
“Those are the rules and, at that time, he voted for his party’s prospect. Later on I envision he supported his son. You’d have to request him about that”[4].
ONLY EDUCATED Individuals CAN Lead Modern society
The perception that the get the job done of the CC ought to be carried out only by scholars is not an isolated imagined, or the exclusive imagined of Mrs. María Soledad, but a conviction that, though not the predominant just one in the place, has fanatical supporters, people who are certain of the need to have constitutional convention members with exceptional expertise.
This type of ‘elitism’ has governed Chile given that the starting of the article-dictatorial period and attained its climax with the generation of the Alta Dirección Pública ADP, which prevents an ordinary individual from holding a significant condition position without the need of certain experiments, specified ‘the large complexity of the job’. The perfecting of this policy was carried out, paradoxically, by a individual who was under no circumstances an educational, but who experienced an unconfessed motivation to be one and these days, immediately after considerably energy, has been capable to fulfil his desires devoid of assembly the necessities that he himself imposed on others. Mainly because in the environment of energy, that is how it will work.
The motives for this belief are to be located in the prevalent dominance of the dominant society in excess of the populace, in accordance with the axiom that he who wields substance electricity in a society also wields its non secular power. From this we can infer that, if the military services coup of 1973 was evidently meant to create a class-centered society, this kind of a system could only be perfected by organising the state in the exact way.
In Chile, historically, social differentiation was institutionalised with the introduction of the so-referred to as ‘census vote’, an idea that Dr. María Luisa Cordero has taken to paroxysm:
“The census vote is discredited due to the fact it was utilized for unfavorable factors, but the moral essence of the census vote is that votes are differentiated. The vote of a particular person like me, who has a college diploma, who has labored in public hospitals with the lousy, is not worth the identical as the vote of my Bertita, who is my household counsellor” [5].
THE TEACHINGS OF ERICH FROMM
Erich Fromm, who was worried with the function of intellectuals in the evolution of human society, distinguishes involving intelligence and rationality, pointing out that,
“By intelligence I mean the skill to manipulate concepts in get to attain some sensible stop. The chimpanzee who joins two sticks collectively to attain the banana uses intelligence, due to the fact neither of the two is sufficient by alone to attain it”[6].
“Intelligence, in this sense, is getting factors as they are, generating mixtures whose purpose is their manipulation intelligence is considered in the assistance of organic survival”[7].
On the contrary, for the German psychologist, rationality
“…] needs to comprehend, it strives to learn what lies powering the area, to recognise the main, the essence of the truth that surrounds us”[8].
For this explanation, he provides:
“Reason is man’s instrument for arriving at the truth intelligence is man’s instrument for manipulating the entire world with improved achievement the former is essentially human, the latter belongs to the animal aspect of male.”[9] We create, thus, in regard to this.
That is why we wrote, on a specified occasion, in this regard:
“An creation, a discovery, an innovation, a straightforward gadget is normally the product of intelligence. Exact calculations, exact proportions, a careful variety of products, fast remedies, are most usually manifestations of intelligence, but not normally of motive. An atomic bomb is the most elaborate products of experience in the extermination of human beings. Created by physicists, chemists, engineers of the maximum educational amount, people whose capacity no a person would dare to doubt, it is the outcome of intelligence, but not of rationality. The exact same is true of missiles. And with the mechanism of slot devices, developed to take dollars from the unwary gambler. The solution of intelligence is the calculation that establishes the maximum position of financial gain in the so-termed games of ‘chance’ (lotteries and others), the just one that fixes differentiated charges for the use of city transportation automobiles, the 1 that grants reducing pensions as age advancements or the one particular that deprives terminally ill individuals of health-related treatment due to the fact their remedy is not economical”[10].
This special difference enables us to fully grasp that intelligence has authorized the productive forces to acquire to unsuspected concentrations, but it has also delivered abominable inventions these kinds of as nuclear weapons. For there is the very same difference amongst the intelligent subject matter and the rational matter as there is in between the horse (which is a ‘phenotype’, i.e., an organism whose limbs have been specialised to make it unsurpassable in the race) and the human currently being (which is a ‘eurotype’, an organism whose upper limbs can conduct all kinds of function and is therefore ‘universal’).
From which we can conclude that it does not appear recommended to hand in excess of the administration of a modern society to smart subjects but to rational subjects, who can glance at the social entire as it seriously is and, consequently, look for world wide (or ‘holistic’) methods to the phenomena they have to experience.
A CRUDE ANALOGY
It should really occur as no surprise that, in this perception, so attribute of the dominant sectors of modern society, commenting on Ms Font’s expressions – and drawing focus to the problem posed by the rector of the Diego Portales College, Carlos Peña, as to whether or not it would be important for the constituent conventions to be erudite – La Tercera columnist Sebastián Edwards concludes by expressing that certainly, it is significant, and resorts to a crude analogy to do so:
“In a footballing parallel, what we have observed so considerably in the CC is a staff that performs terribly, that receives tangled up, that is crafty, that contradicts by itself, and that has scored two or a few very own goals. The recreation might not be above, but it is a genuine viewpoint that the workforce is heading poorly, and with a pretty superior degree of chance is likely to get rid of the video game. And, of study course, it is valid to say that it would be very good to start contemplating about a improve of coach and selection. These reviews are respectable, even if just before the match, 78% of all those consulted supported the manager and the commencing line-up.
The “non-scholars” of the CC are also becoming irresponsible. They are having Chile down an unknown and perilous route, without the need of fully informing the populace of the qualifications to what they are doing”[11].
No a single issues the proper of just about every human being to have an viewpoint. This does not require unique information or waiting for a approach to be concluded in common wisdom it is reported that one does not will need to be a farmer to have an feeling on the flavor of potatoes. But you ought to never depict to another person, as former minister Briones not too long ago did so haughtily to previous RN leader Mario Desbordes, his incompetence by telling him ‘cobbler to your shoes’, and consequently avert him from supplying his opinion on economics. All conceitedness is unacceptable. Like the one that Sebastian Edwards denies for other individuals and demands for himself.
ERUDITION IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL Conference
The large vast majority of the CC’s associates are remarkably qualified. On the programme ‘Pauta Libre’, on the television channel La Crimson, Sunday 17 of this yr, the panellists created a comparison of the capacity of the parliamentarians and the associates of the CC, concluding that the latter has an immensely greater share of competent men and women than all those in the current Congress.
Furthermore, CC associates need to have not be ‘scholars’. On the opposite: as has currently been mentioned, they have to replicate a social truth that exists, that has been hidden for hundreds of years and that demands to be manifested as these kinds of, as it definitely is. Thus, not as a privileged sector that acquires illustration, that acquires expertise in purchase not to share it and offer it as a reward to the local community, but to put by itself over the many others and dominate them.
That is why the variety that exists inside of the CC, its social composition – which is almost nothing a lot more than the replica of the class composition of Chilean modern society – is the excellent issue about this company. Therein lies its legitimacy.
SUBORDINATION AS THE AXIS OF TODAY’S Culture
Domination by the intellect leads ineluctably to the subordination of some strata by other folks. It is thus unacceptable. Simply because in human culture, no 1 has much more rights than a different no a single is above the other individuals. The subordination of some to other individuals is the most abject invention of human intelligence, not of its rationality. There is no drama extra devastating than the expressions of that bad lady who, once overwhelmed by her husband, when supplied lawful aid to prosecute her aggressor, begged her interlocutor, wholly overpowered:
“No… You have to respect him. He is ‘mine’: he has the ideal to hit me”.
For the identical explanation, nothing could be regarded more abject than that ‘order’ of which a French peasant lady spoke immediately after Napoleon’s defeat at Waterloo, and whose words and phrases were being recorded for historical past by Emile Erckmann and Alexandre Chatrian:
“Now almost everything is in get: the lord goes to administer his castle, the peasant to till the soil and the very good priest to his prayers.”
THE MARCH OF HUMANITY
Humanity appears to be moving in the reverse direction to that which the conservative forces have tried to maintain in their march via history, and which they intend to continue to reproduce. In societies much more advanced than ours, the development of the forces of manufacturing is amazingly allowing sure trades or professions, despised in this social development, to be very valued in individuals societies, with individuals who carry them out earning much better salaries than other individuals, and which much exceed these proven for employees in collars and ties.
Rubbish collectors who, in Chile, receive the derogatory title of ‘jotes’, in some nations in the northern hemisphere are extremely valued and their perform is reserved only for nationals, and foreigners are unable to do it. And the wages founded for this craft are enormously significant because people who observe it need specific knowledge associated to the collection and procedure of garbage. Classes that we have to get started to find out in purchase not to despise people we assume to be inferior to us.
Criticism of the deficiency of ‘erudition’ of standard constituents might very well assist us to great ourselves in this new kind of social relationship.
[1] Information Desk: “María Soledad Font is dissatisfied with the Conference: ‘I considered that all the people today on the ballot were capable of doing that mega-job’”, ‘El Mostrador’, 12 April 2022.
[2] González, Alberto: “Madre de Boric ‘desilusionada’ de la Convención: ‘Pensé que serían personas con conocimientos’, Radio Biobío, 12 April 2022.
[3] Cárdenas Guzmán, Andrés: “A un mes del Gobierno, Fundación Interpreta revela campaña de ‘copamiento’ en Twitter contra PresidenteBoric”, ‘El Mostrador’, 18 April 2022.
[4] Vega Martínez, César: “Simón Boric relata en Tv set curiosa infidencia acquainted: reveló voto de su padre por Yasna Provoste”, Radio Biobío, 20 December 2021.
[5] Editor: “Doctora Cordero indigna a varios al decir que su voto vale más que el de su asesora del hogar”, ‘El Mostrador’, 05 December 2013.
[6] Fromm, Erich: “Psicoanálisis de la sociedad contemporánea”, Fondo de Cultura Económica S.C. de C.V., Mexico, 1990, p.144.
[7] Fromm, Erich: Do the job cited in (6), p. 145.
[8] Fromm, Erich: Function cited in (6), p. 145.
[9] Fromm, Erich: Function cited in (6), p. 60.
[10] Acuña, Manuel: “In Memoriam”, Editorial Senda/Senda Förlag i Stockholm, Stockholm, 2010, pp. 156 and 157.
[11] Edwards, Sebastián: “Convención, dónde están los eruditos?”, La Tercera, 17 April 2022.